Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1
Benha University, Applied arts college, Clothing and fashion technology, Benha ,Egypty
2
Clothing and Fashion Technology Department, Faculty of Applied Arts, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
3
National Research Centre (NRC), Textile Research and Technology Institute (TRTI), Pre-treatment and Finishing of Cellulose based Textiles Department (PFCTD), El-Behouth St. (former El-Tahrir str.), Dokki, P.O. 12622, Giza, Egypt
Abstract
The idea of environmental sustainability holds that human consumption of natural resources from the earth's ecosystem must occur at a pace that permits self-renewal. For manufacturers and brands, cutting back on water use, packaging waste, carbon footprints, and environmental impact is a constant goal. Companies have discovered the financial benefits of these sustainable initiatives. For instance, restricting the amount of materials used in packaging usually lowers the materials' overall cost. The textile industry makes a substantial contribution to foreign exchange earnings, global economic growth, and the creation of goods required to ensure human welfare. There are 300 million workers in the textile industry, many of them are women. In the global ecology, natural resources are scarce, so it's critical to use them carefully. Sustainability plays a major role in this prudent use. To build a better future, brands and consumers must work together. Practically speaking, choosing greener options can reduce carbon footprints. Another important option is the circular economy, which emphasizes recycling and minimizing waste. The textile and apparel industries can no longer be regarded as sustainable simply by using organic ingredients and efficient processes. The fifth least sustainable industry is thought to be the textile and fashion sector, which accounts for 5.4% of global pollution. From raw materials to completed goods, it has a significant negative impact on the environment. Every stage of the manufacturing process generates waste, so sustainability is urgently needed. Even though natural materials (such as cotton, hemp, jute, etc.) are thought to be sustainable, producing them calls for a sizable quantity of water and agricultural land. Most consumers think that using natural textiles helps to preserve the environment. Various sources, however, present the opposite information and demonstrate how highly polluting it is to manufacture natural fibre, such as cotton. Synthetic fibre production is dependent on non-renewable resources, and high-energy machinery is used in the extraction process. Polyester is the most widely used synthetic material in the fashion industry, and its production necessitates high temperatures and a lot of water for cooling. The leather industry not only causes harm to animals but also accounts for 15% of greenhouse gas emissions caused by humans. The tanning process of leather requires a significant amount of water and chemicals. Research is being done to find sustainable alternatives to current materials to mitigate their negative environmental effects. The objective of this chapter is to examine and compile the most recent, environmentally friendly, innovative materials and their technologies for the fashion sector. Additionally, an assessment of those materials' commercial viability in terms of technology and cost will be conducted.
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